Foot and Mouth Disease cause severe economic losses to the mithun farmers in north eastern hilly region especially Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram and Arunachale Pradesh. Regular preventive and prophylactic vaccination is very much needed in mithun rearing areas. But the vaccination causes severe adverse effects on the reproduction and production performance both in male and female mithun. In this book, effect of FMD vaccination on mithun reproduction especially semen production, semen quality, antioxidant and biochemical profiles of mithun semen are described. This book will be helpful to the mithun breeders and mithun farmers to improve the fertility in artificial breeding centers and will enhance reproductive performance in cost effective manner.