This study is an analysis of the iconography and mythology embedded in the western relief friezes of the Ara Pacis Augustae. The Ara on her western side is an icon of the myths of origins of Rome, of Latium, and of the Latin and Roman people. This short book is a synthesis of a series of works written by the same author during a period of about ten years, concerning the Augustan age monuments on the Campus Martius in Rome, their lay out, and their possible connection with astronomy and classical mythology.