This book is an analysis of how the two major economic unions on the Eurasian continent have attempted to achieve a single market in the free movement of goods between their Member States with a focus on markets for food and agricultural products. The architecture of food safety control in the European Union (EU) and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is the system of food safety supervision, inspection and regulation that allows the single market in food in these two economic unions to operate. The book compares laws, institutions and the governance of food safety issues in the two unions at the central or supranational level, describes and compare the food safety systems at the country level in both unions and provides a conclusion that reports our findings about the key differences between food safety control in the European Union and the Eurasian Economic Union.