This text presents the wide range of traumatic experiences that sometimes lead to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, whether neurological in origin (e.g. Alzheimers disease, Parkinsons disease), arising from a road traffic collision (e.g. head or brain injury), natural or unnatural disaster, or from trauma arising from chronic disease or illness (e.g. cancer). The treatment process involves clinical interviews, and psychological and neuropsychological testing that requires detailed knowledge of neuroanatomy to understand the brain and its functions. Medico-legal reporting is now a significant part of clinical work and is highlighted by courtroom etiquette.