InhaltsangabeA. Structural Botany.- I. Cytology and Morphogenesis of Fungal Cells.- 1. Books and Reviews.- 2. Techniques.- 3. Cytoplasmic Structure.- a) Plasma Membrane.- b) Endomembrane System.- c) Cytoskeleton.- 4. Walls.- 5. Hyphal Tip Growth.- 6. Spores and Spore Development.- a) Zoospores and Gametes.- b) Endospores of Zygomycetes.- c) Conidia.- d) Oospores.- e) Zygospores.- f) Basidiospores.- 7. Adhesion and Fungal Surfaces.- 8. Symbiosis and Parasitism.- a) Appressoria Formation.- b) Mycorrhizae.- c) Lichens.- References.- II. Cytosymbiosis.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Prokaryotes as Cytosymbionts.- a) Rhizobial Bacteria.- ?) The Microsymbiont: Rhizobial Bacteria.- ?) The Macrosymbiont: Legumes.- ?) Establishment, Maintenance and Senescene of Symbiosis.- b) Agrobacterium.- 3. Eukaryotic Endocytobionts.- 4. Special Forms of Cytosymbiosis.- a) Nuclear Transfer by Parasitic Red Algae.- b) Chloroplast Cytosymbiosis.- References.- III. Cuticular Surfaces in Plants.- 1. Introduction and Methodological Aspects.- 2. Structure and Function of Cuticular Surfaces.- 3. Application of Cuticular Characters in Taxonomy.- References.- IV. A Dynamic Multidisciplinary Approach to Floral Morphology.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Transition to Flowering: Internal Control.- a) From Induction to Floral Initiation.- b) The Internal Control of Floral Organogenesis.- 3. Sex Expression and Heterostyly.- a) Internal Control of Sex Expression.- b) Temporal Dioecy ("Sex Choice").- c) Gynodioecy.- d) Andromonoecy, Gynomonoecy, and Multiple Sex Expression.- e) Heterostyly.- 4. Limitations of the Developmental Approach to Floral Morphology.- 5. Developmental Mutants and the Concepts of Homeosis and Heterochrony.- 6. Primitive Angiosperms and the Origin of the Flowering Plants.- 7. Final Comments.- References.- B. Physiology.- I. Cell Electrophysiology and Membrane Transport.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Pumps and Channels in the Tonoplast.- 3. Potassium Channels in the Plasmalemma.- 4. Potassium Channels in the Plasmalemma of Higher Plants.- 5. Action Potentials.- 6. Cytosolic Ca2+, pH and Auxin.- 7. Coupled Transport of K+ and H+.- References.- II. Phloem Transport.- 1. Introductory Considerations.- 2. Allocation of Photoassimilates.- 3. Phloem Loading.- 4. Phloem Unloading.- 5. Action Potentials and Ion Displacements in Sieve Tubes.- 6. Methods and Techniques.- References.- III. Mineral Nutrition: Divalent Cations, Transport and Compartmentation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The External Solution and the Apoplast.- 3. Uptake and Translocation.- a) Metabolic Dependence.- b) Carriers and Channels.- ?) General Model for Carrier-Mediated Transport.- ?) Channel Conductance of Divalent Cations.- ?) Dual Carrier Mechanisms.- ?) Carrier Affinity Measurements.- ?) Competition Between Ions.- c) Efflux Across the Plasma Membrane.- d) Sequestration in Cellular Compartments.- e) Transport in the Whole Plant.- 4. Complex Formation - Binding Peptides.- a) Complex Formation.- b) Binding Peptides.- 5. Regulatory Rôles for Zn2+ and Mn2+.- 6. Conclusion.- References.- IV. Secondary Plant Substances. Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Reticuline.- 3. Morphinan Alkaloids.- 4. Protoberberine Alkaloids.- 5. Protopines.- 6. Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids.- 7. Bisbenzylisoquinolines.- 8. Cularines.- 9. Colchicine.- References.- V. Growth.- 1. General Reviews.- 2. Gibberellins.- a) Chemistry and Analysis.- b) Occurrence.- c) Biosynthesis and Metabolism.- ?) Enzymic Studies.- ?) Metabolic Studies.- ?) Gibberellin Biosynthesis Inhibitors.- d) Physiological Effects and Modes of Action.- ?) Physiological Aspects.- ?) Modes of Action.- ?) Gibberellin Transport and Binding Proteins.- ?) Mutant Research.- 3. Cytokinins.- a) Syntheses and Analytical Methods.- b) Biosynthesis and Metabolism.- c) Occurrence and Physiological Roles.- d) Modes of Action.- 4. Jasmonic Acid.- a) Occurrence, Syntheses.- b) Biosynthesis and Metabolism.- c) Physiological Activity, Mode of Action.- References.- VI. Plant Movement