In the new Digital Age of the Knowledge Society, the world is challenged by the dearth of teachers, poverty, wars, refugees, digital infrastructure, and increasing population of 7.2 Billion in 2016 that is projected to reach 9 Billion by 2050. This book examines the essence of knowledge to conquer nature; and the uniqueness of teaching to the emancipation of Knowledge Society in the world for the realization of morality, good nature of humanity, and inventions in philosophies, sciences, and technology to make the world a peaceful place. It critically explores the professionalization of teaching to meet with the challenges of the 21st Century. This book is highly recommended to all teachers, lecturers, trainers, and educational administrators, policy makers in education, librarians, publishers, and authors to meet the challenges on education in the new Knowledge Society.