The purpose of this anthology is to bring together in one volume some of the texts published in the series "Werkprofile", which focus on Kants relationship to his philosophical contemporaries and predecessors, and to make them accessible to a wider audience in English. In doing so, the volume is aimed at those who have an interest in better understanding the premises of Kant's philosophy, its historical context, and the development of many of Kants fundamental ideas. As it is often hard to glean philosophical motivation directly from reading Kants texts, understanding Kants commitment to answering certain questions and his silence on others, requires a historical approach. This broader purview will also be helpful for grasping deeper systematic questions at work throughout Kants philosophy. The anthology thus aims at inviting a more wide-angled view of Kants philosophy by focusing on overlooked references and historical figures. Scholarship on these references is still at an early stage, even though important steps have been taken in this direction in recent years. The aim of our volume is to build on this development and to supplement and expand the content of existing research.