Germanisms in American Speech


ISBN 9783640173112
28 Seiten, Taschenbuch/Paperback
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Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,0, University of Cologne, course: Differences in American and British English, language: English, abstract: In past years, many studies have been published concerning the influence of English, especially

of American English, on the German language. Many people complain about the

hotchpotch of English and German used by present-day youths. They blame the media for

the destruction of the German language. This even led to the founding of an association,

der Verein Deutsche Sprache, to protect the German language. However, few people seem

to be aware that German has made a sizeable contribution to the American English vocabulary

too, even though this is not as large as the contribution of English to the German language.

As will be shown in this paper, words denoting foods, drinks, amusements, skiing

activities, German inventions and parts of the education system were borrowed by the native

population. Borrowing from German started with the early colonial settlers in the 17th

century, settling in Pennsylvania and evolving the Pennsylvanian German which is not of

interest in this paper as it is completely different from the usage of German words of an

average American, and has continued to the present time.

This paper deals with Germanisms in American speech and is intended to give an

overview of the concept of borrowing. Firstly, the processes of borrowing with its examples

of distant and intimate borrowing are traced. Stanforths monograph Deutsche Einflüsse

auf den englischen Wortschatz in Geschichte und Gegenwart serves as the basis. Afterwards,

in accordance to Haugen, his categorisation of the loan material into importation,

substitution, partial-substitution and their subdivisions loan words, loan meanings, loan

coinages, loan blends and loan compounds are represented with examples. The following

paragraphs elaborate on the naturalization of the loan material. It is shown that the typographic

representation of words, the orthography, the pronunciation and the grammar can

give information on the state of naturalization. Furthermore, the loan material can change

its part of speech or meaning after having been borrowed. In the fourth main paragraph the

reasons for the large amount of Germanisms, such as the lack of American English equivalents

or the striving for profit and prestige, are explained in detail.



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