Chrome composite leather-clad rollers in cotton roller ginning industries add to chromium burden of the environment, which display hazardous properties. The chromium is of indispensable trace elements which at higher concentrations display toxic and / or carcinogenic properties. The prospect raises that the accumulation of chromium in the environment represents a spillover of cancer hazard from the industry to the population at large that is a function of the distance. Cancer complications raise due to the reducing nature of chromium traces. Chrome specific dust particle size in between the range of 1 to 3 micrometer that deposits permanently in the human lungs. Hazardous effects are produced by prolonged contact with airborne or solid or liquid chromium compounds even in small quantities because of their properties namely carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and corrosiveness. Hazardous environmental health impact assessment (HEHIA) process has been conducted for the Indian cotton ginning industries. HEHIA can be defined as the systematic study and check of the potentially hazardous environmental health effects of proposed projects, plans, programs, policies and legislative actions.