The collection catalogue is dedicated to a hitherto barely explored part of the holdings of the Städel Museum. All the worksincluding paintings by Adam Elsheimer, Georg Flegel, or Johann Heinrich Rooshave been examined in detail from the perspective of both art history and painting technology based on the most recent scientific methods. The incorporation of the respective cultural-historical background gives rise to new insights regarding the creation, attribution, identification, or interpretation of the individual paintings. The overview provides fascinating insights into the history of the collection, exhibitions, and research, and opens up a panorama of multi-layered art production in early modern Germany.