This book provides readers with a reference for basic and practical knowledge about the synthesis, characterization, and applications of nanotechnology. The book focuses on the production of different types of nanomaterials and their applications, particularly synthesis, characterization and application of different types of nanomaterials, including nanocomposites. There will be a good mixture of general chapters in both technology and applications in opto-electronics, X-ray detection and emerging electronics applications. The book will have an in-depth review of the research topics from leading world specialists in the field.